南川木波罗育苗技术研究

摘要

[目的]解决我国特有物种南川木波罗人工栽培过程中种子发芽率低，裸根苗移栽困难的难题，为实现南川木波罗较大规模的人工繁育栽培提供技术支撑。[方法]试验通过采用不同的种子处理方式和不同的育苗方式研究了南川木波罗的种子发芽率和出苗率情况。[结果]不管在沙床还是直播黄壤，处理Ⅱ的种子的发芽率、成苗率和总出苗率均高于处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅲ，其比直播黄壤高出分别为1.5%、16.27%和13.95%，相比轻基质容器育苗的总出苗率高2.46%。8种轻基质配方育苗结果显示，配方8的苗木生长情况最好，其出苗率和苗高、地径生长均与其他配方差异显著，其次是配方1和3，配方7的出苗率和苗高、地径生长情况最差。[结论]建议生产条件允许情况下，采用泥炭+森林表土=6：4（8号处理）或草甸土+蛭石+黄心土=5：3：2（1号处理）、草甸土+珍珠岩+黄心土=5：3：2（3号处理）开展轻基质育苗。%Objective] This study aimed to solve the problems of low seed germina-tion rate and difficult bareroot seedling transplanting in artificial cultivation of Arto-carpus nanchuanensis, a native species in China. [Method] Under different seed treatment and seedling style, the seed germination rate and seedling emergence rate of A. nanchuanensis were investigated. [Result] In both sand bed and direct sowing yel ow soil, the seed germination rate, seedling survival rate and seedling emergence rate in the treatment II were al higher than those in the treatments I and III. The average seed germination rate, seedling survival rate and seedling emergence rate in sand beds were 1.5%, 16.27% and 13.95%, respectively higher than those in direct sowing yel ow soil. The average seedling emergence rate in sand beds was 2.46% higher than that in containers. Among the 8 kinds of light matrix formulas, the growth of seedlings in the formula VIII was best. In the three treatment groups, the seedling emergence rates, seedling heights and ground diame-ters in the formula VIII were al significantly different from those in the other formu-las. The seedling growth in the formula I and III ranked second, while the seedling emergence rate, seedling height and ground diameter in the formula VII were the poorest. [Conclusion] If conditions al ow, the formulas I (meadow soil∶vermiculite∶yel-low soil=5∶3∶2), III (meadow soil∶perlite∶yel ow soil=5∶3∶2) and VIII (peat∶forest top soil=6∶4) should be promoted in seedling with light matrixes.