基于景观结构和产出功能的东部县域耕地利用分区研究--以山东省平度市为例

摘要

Objective] The aim was to research the relationships among different e-valuation farmland units and conduct division of farmland use in order to provide scientific references for protection and rational use of farmland at county level. [Method] Using Pingdu City as a case, the research selected land use indices such as farmland use structure, output, geographical location, et al., and then performed a cluster analysis for farmland use division. [Result] Farmlands in Pingdu can be classified into 4 groups. ln groups 1 and 2, it is necessary to strengthen farmland protection, especial y for highly-quality farmlands, to guarantee the quantity and quality of local crops. ln groups 1 and 3, it is necessary to improve concentration degree and use rate of construction lands and control farmland pol ution possibly caused by constructions. ln group 4, priority should be given to maintaining diversity of land use patterns, and avoiding aimless farming expansion. [Conclusion] During urbanization process in eastern coastal agricultural regions, it is of importance to prevent fertile farmlands being occupied by construction lands to enhance use rate of construction lands. Furthermore, agricultural non-point pol ution should be detected constantly in intensively used farmlands, especial y in vegetable fields. Additional y, land use diversity should be wel protected by avoiding farmland expansion and im-proving farmland environment.%[目的]利用聚类分析方法研究不同评价单元耕地利用的亲疏关系，进行耕地利用分区，可为县域耕地保护和合理利用提供科学依据。[方法]以山东省平度市为例，充分考虑耕地利用的主要因素，选取了反映耕地结构、产出、区域地理位置以及与它相关联的土地利用因子，构建了景观结构、产出和空间位置功能耕地利用指标，并进行聚类分析和耕地分区。[结果]平度市耕地利用分为四个类型区，其中一区和二区需要加强耕地，特别是优质耕地的保护，从而保障区域农作物的数量和质量；一区和三区的建设用地需要提高集中程度和利用率；四区应注重发展多样性的特色农业，避免盲目扩大种植业。[结论]在东部沿海农业区的城镇化过程和追求耕地高产出过程中，一要加强控制建设用地占用优质耕地，提高建设用地利用率，二要不断检测耕地集约利用过程中，特别是蔬菜种植过程中的农业面源污染问题，三要注重因地制宜保护土地利用的多样性，避免盲目扩大耕地，以利于整体耕地及其农产品环境条件的不断改善。