城镇化背景下的农业经济发展研究

摘要

农业是我国的基础性产业,是所有其他产业的支撑.为了明晰城镇化对我国农业的影响,笔者对1986～2015年这30年我国城镇化率与农业总产值进行了协整检验.结果表明,城镇化的发展并没有严重削弱我国农业经济,相反,它们之间存在一种长效均衡关系,但是这种长效均衡关系仅限于一定范围内,在未来我国城镇化高度发展的情况下,农业经济的发展将面临巨大挑战.因此,我国应该规范耕地用途,加强土地流转监管力度;加大科技投入,提高农业单产;优化财政支农效率,增强农民生产积极性;培养新型农业经营者,推进农业产业化进程,形成规模经济,探索一条不以牺牲农业经济为代价的新型城镇化道路.%Agriculture is the basic industry of China and the support of all other industries.In order to clarify the impact of urbanization on China's agriculture,a cointegration test was conducted between the urbanization rate and the total agricultural output value in China during the past 30 years of 1986-2015.The results showed that the development of urbanization and agricultural economy had no severe effect on weakening the agricultural economy in China,while on the contrary,there was a long-term equilibrium relationship between the two,which was only limited to a certain range,and in the future high development of urbanization of China,the development of agricultural economy would face great challenges.Therefore,China should specify cultivated land use,strengthen the supervision standard of land cimulation;increase investment in science and technology,improve the efficiency of agricultural output;optimize financial support for agriculture,enhance the enthusiasm of farmers;cultivate new agricultural operators,promote the process of agricultural industrialization,so as to form economies of scale and explore a new road of urbanization which is not at the expense of the cost of agricultural economy.