浅析陕南秦巴山区'生态移民'的可持续生计问题

摘要

陕南秦巴山区的恶劣环境已不适宜长期居住形成了大量的"生态移民",这些移民从山区搬出至山外,经济、生活方式的变化,造成了诸多问题的产生.该文通过分析"生态移民"存在的教育问题、生产方式不适应、国家保障性措施及政策不健全等问题,试图通过建立教育培训体系、 加大产业尤其是第三产业、副业的发展、劳动力转移等方面给政府提供建设性意见,增加"生态移民"的收入,使"生态移民"长久获得经济来源,从而更好的稳定"生态移民".%The severe environment in Qinling-Daba Mountains has made it not suitable for the long-term residence due to the large amounts of "ecological migrants", and these migrants have moved out of the mountains and changed their economic and life styles, resulting in many problems. In this paper, the problems of "ecological migrants" were analyzed, including the education problem, different life styles, incomplete national protecting measures and policies, with the aim to provide governments with constructive suggestions for the establishment of the education and training system, acceleration of the development of industries (especially the tertiary industry, subsidiary business), and labor transferring, increasing the incomes of "ecological migrants", and making the "ecological migrants" have the financial resources for a long time, thereby better stabilizing the "ecological migrants".