稻螟赤眼蜂生物防治水稻主要害虫的研究

摘要

以稻螟赤眼蜂为材料,通过生物防治和化学防治相结合的方法进行了水稻二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的田间防治试验,考察了不同防治方式对水稻主要虫害、天敌及产量的影响.结果表明:稻螟赤眼蜂对二化螟卵和稻纵卷叶螟卵的寄生率分别为60.3%和57.1%;释放稻螟赤眼对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的相对防效分别为70.8%和91.9%,其中单独释放稻螟赤眼蜂对稻纵卷叶螟的防效比二化螟高.同时,释放稻螟赤眼蜂对水稻主要害虫的防效与化学防治相当,赤眼蜂释放区的产量比对照增加26.5%,蜘蛛等天敌生物显著增多,达400只/百蔸以上,实现了天敌生物对水稻主要害虫的持续防控.%This study used Trichogramma japonicumto to control Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guenée), and tested the effects of different control methods on main rice pests, natural enemies and rice yield. The results revealed that the parasitism of Trichogramma japonicum in the eggs of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) reached 60.3%and 57.1%, and the control efficacy was up to 70.8 % and 91.99%, respectively. The control efficacy for Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) was much better. This biological control method could be equivalent to chemical control method in the control effects on main pests in rice. The yield under the biological control was 26.5% higher than that of the control group, and the biological control had a significant increase in the number of natural enemies such as spider, up to 400 per 100 plants. Therefore, the sustainable prevention and control were achieved in the presentence with natural enemy organism.