为了探讨宁夏地区苦豆子内生真菌类群的多样性,以宁夏地区苦豆子草为试验材料,采用组织分离法从其根、茎、叶中分离内生真菌,依据形态进行初步鉴定.结果表明,从宁夏地区苦豆子875个表面消毒的根、茎、叶组织块中,共分离出内生真菌115株.其中根中分离出18株,占15.7％,茎中分离出41株,占35.7％,叶中分离出56株,占48.6％,分布规律为叶、茎、根依次递减,叶组织中的内生真菌多样性较高.对产孢的113株进行初步鉴定,分类为2纲3目5科7属,其中青霉属(Penicillium)3株,占2.6％,黑葱花霉属(Periconia)4株,占3.6％;链格孢属(Alternaria )45株,占39.1％;镰孢霉属(Fusarium )9株,占7.8％,曲霉属(Aspergillus)10株,占8.7％,枝梗茎点霉属(Dendrophoma)30株,占26.1％,根霉属(Rhizopus)9株,占7.8％;其中链格孢属(Alternaria),枝梗茎点霉属(Dendrophoma)为优势种群.宁夏地区苦豆子内生真菌多样性丰富,同时不同部位内生菌的数量、种类及分布存在差异.%In order to investigate the diversity of endophyteic fungi in Sophora alopecuroides in Ningxia,the endophytic fungi was isolated using tissue isolation method from the root,stem and leaf of Sophora alopecuroides in Ningxia and identified preliminarily based on morphological characteristics in this paper. 115 endophytic fungi were isolated from 875 sterilized tissues of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Ningxia,of which 18 isolated from roots,41 isolated from stems,56 isolated from leaves,which account for 15.7% ,35.7% and 48.6% of total endophytic fungi respectively. The result of preliminary identification showed that the 113 fungi that produced spores were classified to 7 genera under 5 families,3 orders and 2 classes. 3 belongs to Penicillium,accounting for 2.6% ; 4 belongs to Periconia ,accounting for 3.6% ; 45 belongs to Alternaria ,accounting for 39.1 % ; 9 belongs to Fusarium ,accounting for 7.8 % ; 10 belongs to Aspergillus ,accounting for 8. 7 % ; 30 belongs to Dendrophoma ,accounting for 26. 1 % ; 9 belongs to Rhizopus ,accounting for 7.8%. But Alternaria and Dendrophoma were dominant. It was concluded that the entophytes in Sophora alopecuroides in Ningxia were diversity and rich,and there were some differences at quantity and species in different organs of Sophora alopecuroides in Ningxia.
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