不同水分状况下化控对棉株蕾铃数和产量品质的影响

摘要

采用桶栽试验，研究不同水分状况下喷施2种植物生长调节剂———艾氟迪（AFD）和缩节胺（DPC）对棉花蕾铃数量、叶片叶绿素相对含量、籽棉产量、纤维品质的影响。结果表明，在本试验条件下，土壤含水量的高低是决定籽棉产量的重要因素，水分高则产量高。喷施调节剂后棉株叶绿素含量明显高于未喷施处理。喷施 DPC 对棉株蕾铃生长影响较小，土壤含水量较高时喷施 DPC 可使棉花增产，但纤维品质下降。喷施 AFD 对棉株蕾铃生长影响较大，使棉蕾铃数在生育期内的变化从大幅升降趋势变为先升后降的平缓趋势或缓慢上升趋势，对棉蕾开花成铃有显著促进作用，但抑制了新蕾生成，使得伏前桃产量明显增加，秋桃产量大幅下降，导致籽棉产量减少，棉花纤维品质略微改善。%A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of two plant growth regulators (AFD and DPC) on the bud - boll number ,leaf chlorophyll content ,seed - cotton yield and fiber quality of cotton .The results showed that soil water content was an important factor to determine the yield of cotton ,the higher ,the more .After spraying plant growth regulators ,the chlorophyll content of cotton plant was higher than that with no sprays .DPC spray had little influ-ence on bud and boll growth of cotton plant ,but it made cotton yield increased and fiber quality decreased under high soil water condition .Spraying AFD resulted in a great influence on bud and boll growth of cotton plant .The changes of bud- boll number tended to gently enlarge first and then become diminished or gradually keep increasing .Spraying AFD had a significantly promoting effect on formation of bolls but an inhibitory effect on the appearance of new buds .This led to the yield of pre - summer bolls to be increased significantly and the yield of autumn bolls to be decreased greatly ,conse-quently causing seed cotton yield decreased and fiber quality improved a little .