基于海藻糖的生物节水抗逆农业研究进展

摘要

生物节水农业主要包括新品种选育、外源有益物质和激素的添加及高效节水栽培措施的建立三个方向.海藻糖是国际上开发的主要低聚糖之一,常被作为外源有益物质应用于农业生产.在综合国内外相关研究文献的基础上,对海藻糖的性质及其提高植物抗逆性的机理、海藻糖与气孔免疫的关系等方面进行分析,发现外源性的海藻糖具有良好的非特异性保护作用,它能有效提高植物的抗逆性以及抗病虫害的能力.其次,海藻糖能通过调节气孔发育和气孔运动进一步增强农作物的抗旱性.本文认为海藻糖在生物节水农业方面有广阔的应用前景,是提高农作物水分利用效率的重要途径.%Biological water-saving agriculture mainly includes breeding of new cultivars,addition of exogenous beneficial substance and hormone,and establishment of efficient water-saving cultivation method.Trehalose,which is an oligosaccharide,is used as an exogenous beneficial substance in agricultural production.On the basis of com-prehensive domestic and foreign related research literature,the properties of trehalose as well as their mechanism of improving plant resistance and the relationships between trehalose and stomatal immunity were analyzed.It is found that exogenous trehalose has nonspecific protective effect,which can effectively improve plant resistance and the a-bility to resist diseases and pests.In addition,trehalose can further enhance the drought resistance of crops by regu-lating stomatal development and stomatal movement.Thus,it is considered that trehalose has broad application prospects in biological water-saving agriculture,and it is an important way to improve the water use efficiency of crops.