一种针对金星探测器的姿态指向设计

摘要

金星探测需要超长距离低码率传输,因而金星探测器需要保持其数传天线指向地球.相对于地球轨道飞行器来说,金星探测器距离太阳更近,需要固定散热面来维持探测器内的温度.提供一种基于在金星探测器偏置安装天线的姿态指向设计,能够保证从金星向地球传输数据并且维持散热面远离太阳.而此设计旨在减少数传天线的数量至一根同时将两个固定平面作为散热面.还提供两种详细方案来控制姿态机动来保证在数传天线始终指向地球的同时在特定节点切换散热面.%Venus detection requires ultra-long-distance transmission at low-bit-rate,so Venus spacecraft need to keep digital antennas pointing to the earth.Compared with the earth spacecraft,Venus spacecraft are closer to the sun.So the fixed radiator is needed to maintain the temperature inside the spacecraft.Based on the antenna irregularly placed on the spacecraft,a design is provided to ensure that the data is transferred from Venus to the earth and that the heat dissipation surface is maintained away from the sun.Unlike other Venus spacecraft such as Venus Express and AKATSUKI equipped with two or more antennas to transmit data,this design is aimed to reduce the number of digital antennas to only one,meanwhile the two fixed plane is designed as a cooling surface.Two detailed strategies are also provided to drive the attitude maneuver to ensure that the digital antenna always points to the earth while switching the cooling surface in a particular node.