电子束选区熔化成形技术及应用

摘要

Selective electron beam melting technique (SEBM) is a kind of metal additive manufacturing technique using electron beam as heat source, can form high-performance metal parts with complex shapes. It has been widely applied in aerospace industrial, biomedical application, automobile manufacturing and other fields. The basic principle of selective electron beam melting technique is briefly introduced, the microstructure and properties of different materials produced by selective electron beam melting technique are reviewed, and the numerical simulation methods of SEBM process and the application of SEBM technique are also summarized in this paper. Finally, some problems to be solved in forming quality of selective electron beam melting technique are pointed out and its development trend is forecasted.%电子束选区熔化成形技术是一种以电子束为热源的金属材料增材制造技术,可成形具有复杂形状的高性能金属零部件,在航空航天、生物医疗、汽车制造等领域有着广阔的应用前景.简要介绍了电子束选区熔化成形技术的基本原理,综述了不同粉末材料电子束选区熔化成形组织与性能研究现状、电子束选区熔化成形过程数值模拟方法、电子束选区熔化成形技术的应用,最后指出改进技术迫切需要解决的问题并展望其未来发展趋势.