黄河下游游荡河段自然形成的稳定河道对黄河治理的启示

摘要

The wandering reach of the lower Yellow River has steep slope, wide, shallow, scattered and ill-conditioned channels with varied river regimes. However, in the 10 km reach from Shuangjing to Laitongzhai, a stable channel is developed due to the naturally formed “two-bank training project” with one side of the bank being the river restoration project, and the other bank being composed of scour-resisted clay. In the recent two decades, including 10 years after the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, during the period when the channel was severely scoured, there were no dangerous situations such as river flowing transversely or diagonally. This has become a unique example of the wandering reach, which points out the future direction for harnessing the lower Yellow River. We recommend training double banks in the reach between Laotianan and Wuzhuang for accumulating experience that stabilize completely wandering reach.%黄河下游游荡性河道具有比降陡、宽浅散乱、河势多变的特性，但在双井至来童寨约10 km河段因为河的一岸为整治工程，另一岸由抗冲刷黏土组成，形成了相对稳定的河道，近20多年中，包括小浪底水库投入运用后10多年河槽发生强烈冲刷的时期，均没有发生过横河、斜河等险情，成为游荡河段中的特例，为黄河下游游荡性河道治理指明了方向。建议在老田庵至武庄河段进行双岸整治试点，为有效稳定游荡性河道积累经验。