一个用于气候模式的简单冻土过程参数化方案的建立和检验

摘要

在NCAR/LSM的基础上,发展了一个简单的冻土过程参数化方案,并使用苏联6个站的水文气象观测资料考察了耦合了新方案模式的气候效应.在新方案中,加入了对含冰量的求解和在相变过程中的能量变化;并使用Johanson的方案替代了模式中原有的土壤导热率的参数化方案,考虑了含冰量对土壤水热性质的影响.原模式和改进后模式的模拟结果的比较得到,冻土过程方案能够合理的模拟土壤列中的能量收支及水热性质随含冰量的变化.随着入渗的减少和径流的增加,春季的土壤湿度减小.因此,热通量的分配和土壤温度也产生了相应的变化.%A simple frozen soil parameterization scheme is developed based on NCAR LSM and the effects of revised scheme are investigated using Former Soviet Union (FSU) 6 stations measurement data. In the revised model, soil ice content and the energy change in phase change process is considered; the original soil thermal conductivity scheme is replaced by Johanson scheme and the soil thermal and hydraulic properties is modified depending on soil ice content. The comparison of original model with revised model results indicates that the frozen soil scheme can reasonably simulate the energy budget in soil column and the variation of thermal and hydraulic properties as the soil ice content changes. Soil moisture in spring is decreased because of the reduction of infiltration and increment of runoff. Consequently, the partition of heat flux and surface temperature changes correspondingly.