含氟二元醇改性超支化水性聚氨酯的制备与性能研究

摘要

The fluorinated diol DEFA with long branched-chain structure was first synthesized. Using DEFA partly instead of small molecule chain extender, the linear polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized, then adding the homemade hyperbranched polyurethane HBPU-0 as the cross-linking agent, and finally reacted with ethylene diamine as chain extender, so the fluorinated diol-modified hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane (FHBPU) emulsion was synthesized. IR spectra results showed that DEFA had been accessed to the hyperbranched polyurethane. After adding DEFA, the heat resistance and hydrophobicity of FHBPU were improved. A series of tests showed that with increasing DEFA content, the particle size of emulsion and tensile strength increased, the elongation at break and water absorption decreased. When DEFA content was 10%, the overall performance of FHBPU was better, in which case its emulsion particle size was 131 nm, the tensile strength was 10.8 MPa, and the elongation at break of 368%, 24 h water absorption was 5.4%.%首先合成了具有长支链结构的含氟二元醇DEFA，用DEFA部分代替小分子扩链剂合成线型聚氨酯预聚体，然后加入自制的超支化聚氨酯核HBPU-0当交联剂，最后用乙二胺扩链，合成了含氟二元醇改性超支化水性聚氨酯（FHBPU）乳液。红外测试表明DEFA已经被接入到超支化聚氨酯中。通过一系列测试表明，加入DEFA后，FHBPU的耐热性、疏水性都有所提高。随着DEFA含量的增加，乳液粒径和拉伸强度逐渐增大，断裂伸长率和吸水性下降。当DEFA占聚氨酯质量的10%时，FHBPU的综合性能较好，此时其乳液粒径为131 nm，拉伸强度为10.8 MPa，断裂伸长率为368%，24 h吸水性为5.4%。