祁连山东段高原鼢鼠采食洞道气体研究

摘要

研究高原鼢鼠(Myospalax baileyi)洞道气体环境对了解其低氧适应机制具有重要作用.本试验在祁连山东段高寒草甸利用土壤原位气体测定仪,对高原鼢鼠采食活动洞道、非活动洞道、地表空气及无洞道土壤内的温度、氧气、二氧化碳、甲烷含量进行了连续12个月的监测.通过One-Way ANOVA检验、重复测量方差分析以及Pearson相关性分析发现,(1)高原鼢鼠活动洞道氧气含量,除10月、1 1月与非活动洞道无显著性差异外(P＞0.05),均显著小于非活动洞道、地表空气和无洞道土壤(P＜0.05);活动洞道二氧化碳含量,除7月、8月与非活动洞道无显著性差异外(P＞0.05),均显著大于非活动洞道、地表空气和无洞道土壤(P＜0.05);活动洞道内甲烷含量各月均显著高于地表空气甲烷含量(P＜0.05),与非活动洞道、无洞道土壤的月差异各异.(2)高原鼢鼠活动洞道内氧气含量的最小值和二氧化碳的最大值均出现在5月和9月,其它处理下氧气最小值和二氧化碳最大值均出现在6-8月;4个处理下甲烷含量最小值在1月与12月出现,最大值出现在5月和9月.(3)月份、处理以及月份和处理间的交互作用均对氧气、二氧化碳、甲烷含量有显著影响(P＜0.05).可见,高原鼢鼠生存在低氧、高二氧化碳和较高甲烷含量的环境中,且洞道内部的气体环境会受季节和高原鼢鼠活动的影响.%The study of gas environment in plateau zokor's tunnels is very important for understanding the hypoxia tolerancemechanism of the zokor.We selected active tunnels with zokor,inactive tunnels without zokor and the soil in the same layer in areas surrounding zokor's tunnels on alpine meadow in the eastern Qilian Mountain region.Using Soil Gas Monitors in situ for 12 months,we measured gas content of oxygen,carbon dioxide,methane,and temperature inside the tunnels and soil,as well as the gas content and temperature in the air aboveground.Based on One-Way ANOVA,General linear model-Repeated Measures and Pearson analysis,our results showed that the oxygen content inside the zokor's tunnel was less than that of inactive tunnel,soil and air aboveground during every month except October and November (P ＜0.05),the carbon dioxide content inside active tunnels was greater than that of inactive tunnels,soil and air aboveground during every month except July and August,the methane content inside active tunnels was greater than that of air aboveground every month;however,the monthly difference varied compared to inactive tunnels and soil.The low peak value of oxygen and high peak value of carbon dioxide inside the zokor's tunnel occurred in May and September,these values for inactive tunnels,soil and air aboveground air appeared from June to August,the low and high peak value of methane inside active tunnels,inactive tunnels,soil and air aboveground appeared in January and December,and May and September,respectively.The results showed that significant differences existed for months,treatments and the interaction between months and treatments (P ＜ O.05).So Plateau zokor lived in habitat with low oxygen,high carbon dioxide and higher methane content,gas of tunnel also were affected by season and Plateau zokor's activities.