采收时期及调制方式对万源晒烟调制前后氨基酸含量变化的影响

摘要

为研究不同采收时期和调制方式对万源晒烟烟叶调制前后氨基酸含量和比例变化的影响,以主栽晒烟品种万毛3号为材料,设计采收时期和调制方式试验,对调制前后的烟叶样品进行检测.结果表明,晒烟鲜烟叶氨基酸总量平均为147.9 mg/g,以谷氨酸和天冬氨酸最高,分别占总量的12.5%和10.7%;受采收期影响,天冬氨酸及氨基酸总量随采收期推迟先减少后增加,谷氨酸含量则先增加后减少.调制后烟叶中氨基酸总量降至104.0 mg/g,降幅29.7%.但天冬氨酸含量显著增加,增幅28.9%,占氨基酸总量比例增至23.6%,谷氨酸及其他多数氨基酸含量显著下降.采收时期和调制方式对调制后烟叶各氨基酸含量均有影响,随采收期推迟,晾制条件下氨基酸总量持续上升,晒制条件下则呈先上升后下降趋势;调制方式对天冬氨酸的含量影响较大,烟叶成熟度低时晒制烟叶天冬氨酸含量高于晾制烟叶,成熟度高时则是晾制烟叶高于晒制烟叶.%Wanmao 3, a major sun-cured tobacco cultivar in Wanyuan of Sichuan, was used in experiments to investigate effects of different harvesting time and curing means on variation of amino acid content in tobacco leaves before and after curing. Amino acids content in tobacco leaf samples were detected before and after curing. Results showed that the total amount of amino acids in tobacco leaves was 147.9 mg/g before curing. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid content were the most abundant, accounting for 12.5% and 10.7% of the total amino acids, respectively. Total amount of amino acids in tobacco leaves decreased by 29.7% to 104.0 mg/g after curing. Aspartic acid content increased significantly, an increase of 28.9%, accounting for 23.6% of the total amount of amino acids. Glutamic acid and other amino acids decreased significantly. Harvesting time and curing means were proved to have significant effect on amino acids content. Under air-curing conditions, the total amount of amino acids continued to increase with delayed harvesting time, while under sun-cured conditions amino acid content first increased and then decreased. Curing means had significant influence on aspartic acid content. When the maturity of tobacco was low, the content of aspartic acid in sun-cured tobacco leaves was higher than that in air-cured tobacco leaves, while when the maturity was high, the opposite trend was observed.