多花黑麦草耐盐性及其在盐土条件下饲用品质的研究

摘要

The salt tolerance ability of 7 Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflourum) varieties (Wasehope,WasehopeⅢ,Sachiaoba,Musashi,Nioudachi,Shiwasuaoba,and Sumu No.1) and the correlation of their salt tolerance ability with the grass feed quality were investigated.The Na+,K+ and Ca2+ contents in aerial parts and underground parts of the plants,and the ratios of K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ were measured at seedling,stem elongation,and heading stages.The seedling emergence rate and the feeding quality related traits such as watersoluble carbohydrate (WSC),crude protein (CP),neutral-detergent fiber (NDF),acid-detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) in stem elongation and heading periods were determined.Na+ content in aerial parts of Nioudachi,Sumu No.1 and Wasehope during different growing periods was lower and K+ content and K+/Na+ ratio were higher than in the other four varieties,showing high salt tolerance ability,compared with Wasehope Ⅲ which was sensitive to salt.Nioudachi,Sumu No.1 and Wasehope also showed high grass yield and good feeding quality such as high WSC content and IVOMD but low NDF and ADF contents,a finding consistent with the results of salt tolerance ability.In conclusion,the salt tolerance ability of Italian ryegrass was positively correlated with the feeding quality of the grass.%通过研究不同多花黑麦草品种耐盐能力的差异及其与饲草产量和品质的相关关系,为选择耐盐和饲草品质优良的多花黑麦草品种提供依据,在江苏沿海滩涂地区种植7个多花黑麦草品种(Wasehope,WasehopeⅢ,Sachiaoba,Musashi,Nioudachi,Shiwasuaoba和苏牧1号),分别测定苗期、拔节期和抽穗期植株地下和地上部分的Na+、K+和Ca2+含量,并计算K+/Na+和Ca2+/Na+,同时测定不同品种的出苗率及拔节期和抽穗期的饲草产量,可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、有机物体外消化率(IVOMD)等指标,并对品种的耐盐能力和饲草产量、饲用品质相关指标进行相关分析.结果表明,Nioudachi、苏牧1号、Wasehope不同生育时期地上部分的Na+较低,K+和K+/Na+较高,表现出较强的耐盐性,而WasehopeⅢ的耐盐能力较差;Nioudachi、苏牧1号、Wasehope拔节期和抽穗期的饲草产量高于其他品种,且WSC含量和IVOMD较高,NDF和ADF等细胞壁物质含量较低,饲用品质较优,与其耐盐能力较为一致;多花黑麦草的耐盐能力与盐土条件下的产量和饲用品质显著正相关(P＜0.05).