开敞型角向周期加载金属柱圆波导的注波互作用线性理论研究

摘要

提出了一种可应用于毫米波功率放大器中的新型慢波结构——开敞型角向周期加载金属柱圆波导结构，并且在互作用通道内，引入了薄环形电子注，推导出了此时的“热”色散方程，并且对基于该新型慢波结构的行波管的小信号增益特性进行了深入探讨．通过数值方法研究了金属柱尺寸和电子注参数对器件线性特性的影响．结果表明：通过对金属柱尺寸的适当设计，可以获得更高的增益值．与封闭型结构的比较结果表明，开敞型角向周期加载金属柱圆波导结构能够有效地提高小信号增益，并且对带宽的影响不大．研究结果为研制基于此新型慢波系统的毫米波行波管奠定了理论基础．%A novel slow-wave structure, i.e., an open-style dielectric-lined azimuthally periodic circular waveguide （open-style DLAP-CW） which can be applied to millimeter wave traveling-wave tube, is proposed. The hot dispersion characteristics are derived by the self- consistent relativistic field theory. And the electron beam interaction in the novel slow-wave structure （SWS） is analyzed in a linear frame. The linear gain characteristics of the DLAP-CW is studied analytically for dimensions of the improved SWS and the parameters of the electron beam. The results illustrate that selecting the appropriate dimensions of the metal rods can improve the small-signal gain. Finally, a comparison of the small-signal gain of this structure with a close-style DLAP-CW is made, and the results validate that the novel SWS has an advantage over the close-style DLAP-CW in gain with little influence on the bandwidth, which can potentially improve electron efficiency in the beam wave interaction. The research in this paper will also be a foundation of the theory for open-style dielectric-lined azimuthally periodic circular waveguide traveling-wave tube.