煤炭生物脱硫技术是目前和将来的重要研究内容之一.采用生长在含高硫煤培养基中的硅酸盐细菌来去除煤炭中的硫.研究结果表明,硅酸盐细菌对所用高硫煤样有脱硫效果,全硫含量从原煤样的5.45%降至处理后的3.45%,全硫脱除率达36.70%,其中细菌有效脱除率达9.91%.摇床培养的硅酸盐细菌比静止培养的硅酸盐细菌对煤炭脱硫效果更好.含氮培养基培养的硅酸盐细菌比无氮培养基培养的硅酸盐细菌脱硫效果要好.初步研究结果显示,硅酸盐细菌不仅对煤中硫化铁硫存在氧化作用,同时也对煤中有机硫和无机硫存在吸收与代谢转化作用.认为硅酸盐细菌对煤炭的脱硫作用存在两种机理:①硅酸盐细菌及其代谢产物对煤中硫产生氧化作用;②硅酸盐细菌对煤中硫进行了吸收与代谢转化.两种机理同时存在,且作用对象包括煤中所有形态的硫.该实验结果显示硅酸盐细菌在脱硫研究中有潜在应用前景.%The bio-desulfurization of coal technology is one of the important research topics both at present and in future. In this study, the silicate bacteria growing in media that contained high-sulfur coal were used to remove sulfur in coal. The results show that the silicate bacteria could be used to desulfurize high-sulfur coal. Total sulfur content was reduced from 5.45% to 3.45% after the treatment. The total sulfur removal rate reached 36.70 % , in which the effective removal rate reached 9.91%. Compared with the static cultivation manner for silicate bacteria, the shake cultivation manner shows much better desulfurizing effect on coal. The silicate bacteria cultured in nitrogen-containing culture media show better desulfurization effect than those cultured in nitrogen-free media. Preliminary data obtained indicate that the silicate bacteria not only cause oxidation of sulfide iron-sulfur in coal, but also result in absorption and metabolism of the organic sulfur and inorganic sulfur in coal. It is suggested that there exist two mechanisms for coal desulfurization by the silicate bacteria: ① silicate bacteria and their metabolites result in sulfur oxidation in coal;②the sulfur in coal experiences absorption and metabolic conversion by the silicate bacteria. There are two kinds of mechanisms which have the effect on all forms of sulfur in the coal sample. The study also implies that silicate bacteria have the latent application potential in the study of coal desulfurization.
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