分子筛催化剂在异丁烷-丁烯烷基化反应中的构效关系研究进展

摘要

Solid acid catalyzed alkylation has attracted a great deal of interest from researchers in refining area,and zeolites is the most studied active component of catalyst.Structure-activity relationship of zeolite catalysts in isobutane-butene alkylation was reviewed.Alkylation activity is greatly influenced by the type and density of acid sites,and higher acid density improves the yield of target products and prolongs catalyst lifetime.Medium strong Br?nsted acid is the active site of alkylation reaction,while strong Lewis acid sites accelerate the catalyst deactivation.Pore size and the channel connection status have a shape selective effect on alkylation products.In addition,the rational design and preparation of zeolites catalysts at molecular level are predicted to be the emphases in future research.%固体酸烷基化技术是炼油领域的研究热点,而分子筛则是研究最多的固体酸催化剂.综述了分子筛在烷基化反应中的构效关系研究进展.烷基化反应活性主要受分子筛酸密度、酸类型影响,较高的酸密度有助于提高目标产物收率以及延长催化剂寿命.中强B酸有利于烷基化反应的进行,而强 L酸位点的存在不利于烷基化反应,会加速催化剂失活.分子筛孔径大小与孔道连接状况对烷基化反应产物的生成具有择形催化作用.分子水平理性设计和精细调变分子筛催化剂,制备物性更适宜于烷基化反应要求的固体酸是今后研发的重点.