采用酒精沉淀法，把不同施肥处理土壤胡敏酸分为7个级分，研究了胡敏酸不同级分与钙饱和蒙脱石的吸附特征。结果表明，蒙脱石对胡敏酸各级分的吸附可用单表面Langmuir、双表面Langmuir和Freundlich方程来描述。各级分的吸附量和吸附强度不是随级分数变化单一递增或递减，在7个级分中，级分4、3的吸附量和吸附强度较大，是吸附最佳级分。说明级分4、3具有与蒙脱石胶体最佳的成键吸附状态，是吸附最佳分子状态。有机肥处理，吸附最佳级分的吸附性状（吸附量和吸附强度）优于化肥、无肥处理。%In this study, Humic acids from soils with different fertilization were fractionated into seven fractions by alcohol precipitation technique, and the fractions absorption by Ca2＋saturated montmorillonite was studied. The results showed that the absorption could be described by single surface Langmuir, double surface Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The change trends of absorption amount and strength were not consistent with the fractions number order. Of all the seven factions, fraction 4 or 3 had the largest absorption amount and strength, suggesting that fraction 4 or 3 was the optimum absortion fraction which had the optimum molecular state for absorption. Compared with no fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the absorption amount and strength of the optimum absorption fraction of organic materials increased.
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