山东省部分地区蚊虫种类与分布的变化

摘要

Field surveys were conducted to determine the diversity of mosquito species and their breeding sites occurring in three districts of Shandong Province. Adult mosquitoes were lured and mosquito larvae were caught from different breeding sites. Total 23 059 adult mosquitoes and 638 bottles of larvae were collected in the investigation. They belonged to 5 genera, 17 families. Distribution and their breeding sites of mosquitoes in the three districts were different. The greatest diversity of mosquito species ( 16 total ) occurred in the Qingdao area. Mosquito species in these districts were decreased compared with 1990. Culex pipiens pallens was the most common species collected with decreased composing proportion. Aedes albopictus also were commonly collected. Extend breeding sites of vector mosquitoes will increase the risk of disease transmission, which should be prevented by optimize surveillance and management programs.%为解山东省部分地区的蚊虫种类、分布及生态习性,本文采用成蚊诱捕和幼虫采集等方法,调查了山东省济宁、临沂和青岛3个地区的蚊虫及其孳生环境.本次调查共捕获成蚊23 059只,幼虫638瓶,经鉴定为5属17种.3个地区分布的蚊虫种类不同,其中青岛蚊种最多,有16种;各种蚊幼的孳生地类型也有所差异.与1990年有关报道相比,蚊虫种类的数量有所减少;在蚊虫种群构成方面,淡色库蚊所占比例明显下降,白蚊伊蚊数量增加,成为优势蚊种之一.中华按蚊等蚊幼的孳生地范围扩大,增加了传播疾病的潜在危险.