大杯香菇辐射选育新株系主要营养价值的遗传分析

摘要

对大杯香菇中20个（品种和辐射选育新株系）的蛋白质营养价值6项评价指标进行了遗传变异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析.结果表明,变异系数最大的为氨基酸比值系数分,达到22.70％；其次为氨基酸评分,变异系数为18.08％；其它变异系数较小分别为化学评分、生物价、营养指数和必需氨基酸指数为4.18％、3.76％、3.37％和3.24％；在相关性上,化学评分与氨基酸比值系数分呈极显著的正相关,必需氨基酸指数与生物价、营养指数和氨基酸评分呈极显著和显著正相关,生物价与营养指数和氨基酸评分呈极显著和显著正相关,营养指数与氨基酸评分呈显著正相关,氨基酸比值系数分与氨基酸评分呈极显著正相关；主成分分析结果表明,前3个特征根在6个特征根中累计贡献率达96.07％,也就是前4个主成分对变异的贡献率达96.07％.在蛋白质营养价值六项指标选择上,首先对变异大的蛋白质营养价值指标进行选择是及其重要的.在辐射选育新株系选择时,应注意选择大杯香菇氨基酸比值系数分和氨基酸评分均较高的新株系.%The genetic variation, correlation and main components of six evaluation indexes for protein nutrient value in 20 original or new radiated strains of Lentinus giganteus were analyzed. The results showed that, the ratio coefficient of amino acid got the biggest variation coefficient, which was 22. 70% ;the second one was score of amino acid with variation coefficient value of 18. 08% ;The other variations, i. e. chemical score, biological value, nutrient index and necessary amino acid index were smaller, and were4.18% 、3.76%、3.37% and 3.24% respectively. In the correlation, the chemical score and amino acid ratio coefficient showed very significant positive correlation; the necessary amino acid index has very significantly positive correlation and significantly positive correlation with biological value, nutrient index and amino acid score; the biological value has very significantly positive correlation and significantly positive correlation with nutrient index and amino acid score; the nutrient index was significantly positive related with amino acid score; the amino acid ratio coefficient was very significantly positive correlated with amino acid score. The main component analysis showed that, the first three latent roots in 6 latent parameters got 98.70% accumulative contribution rate to genetic variation. In the selection of six indexes for protein nutrient value, it is important to select the strains with large variation in protein nutrient value. When screening the new radiated strains, the strains with higher values both in amino acid ratio coefficient and chemical score were selected.