目的 检测我国现有Dunkin Hartley 豚鼠封闭的遗传背景,分析评估其遗传多样性水平和遗传分离情况,为建立标准化的豚鼠封闭群监测方法提供基础资料.方法 应用筛选获得的8个微卫星位点,从一个数量为1000的豚鼠封闭群中随机选择72个个体,通过PCR扩增和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的方法,进行等位基因检测.并根据检测结果分析评估了该豚鼠封闭群的遗传现状.结果 共检测到28个等位基因,每个座位的等位基因数为2～5个,有效等位基因数为1.5191～3.4422,平均2.3093.平均期望杂合度为0.5294.各位点多态信息含量在0.3154～0.6545之间,平均值为0.4687.有5个位点显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡.结论 豚鼠封闭群的遗传多态性处于中等水平,遗传平衡检测结果提示种群的繁殖过程未能实现完全随机交配,近交现象一定程度上存在.本研究的结果将为豚鼠封闭群遗传监测方法和标准的建立提供基础.%Objective To estimate the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of a Dunkin Hartley guinea pig outbred stock and providing valuable information and references for standardization of the population. Methods A total of 72 samples from a Dunkin Hartley guinea outbred pig stock were genotyped using 8 microsatellite DNA markers by PCR-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Genetic variation of the population was evaluated and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested for each locus. Results 28 alleles were found in the outbred stock,2-5 alleles each locus,and the effective number of alleles each locus ranged from 1. 5191 to 3.4422,with an average of 2. 3093. The average of unbiased expected heterozygosity was 0. 5294. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0. 3154 to 0. 6545 ,with an average of 0. 4687. Five of 8 loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Conclusions The results indicate that the genetic diversity of the Dunkin Hartley guinea pig outbred stock is moderate. Inbreeding has some shortcomings in comparison with outbred stock. Genetic information provided by this reserch will be useful in developing genetic monitoring methods and standardization of the outbred guinea pigs.
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