目的 建立一种造模时间较短、成本较低,成功率更高的鸡脂肪肝出血综合征动物模型.方法 320只14日龄青脚麻鸡随机分为对照组、高脂模型组、雌激素模型组和高脂结合雌激素模型组,每组设4个重复,每个重复20只,共处理28 d.期间每天观察记录鸡的临床状况,并于实验14、28 d测定血清生化指标、肝脏相关参数以及腹腔脂肪重、肝脏病理形态学变化.结果 对照组在28 d内未发生脂肪肝出血综合征,而高脂结合雌激素模型组在实验14 d发生了脂肪肝出血综合征.临床观察见10d后部分鸡开始出现张口呼吸、嗜睡、腹部大而下垂等临床表现.14 d及28 d后,剖检见腹腔脂肪过度沉积,肝脏明显肿大、黄染、质脆、边缘钝厚、表面可见散在点状或斑状出血；14 d后,显微镜下可见肝细胞轻度变性,胞质内出现较小的脂肪空泡.28 d后,可观察到大量肝细胞体积极度肿大,胞质内充满较大的脂肪空泡,肝脏结构紊乱等病理学变化；28 d后FLHS发生率高于14 d.血清甘油三酯浓度、总胆固醇浓度、肝脏相对重、腹脂相对重、肝脂率、肝出血分数与对照组相比,差异皆有显著性(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).雌激素模型组和高脂模型组的临床症状、剖检特征、病理组织学变化及血液生化指标的变化趋势与高脂结合雌激素模型组相似,但程度稍轻、发生时间较晚.结论 通过28 d的高脂日粮与雌激素复合诱导,可成功建立鸡脂肪肝出血综合征模型.%Objective The present study aimed to establish a chicken model of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome { FLHS) induced by a combination of injection of estrogen and feeding of high fat diet, and to evaluate the clinical symptoms, blood lipid levels, liver function and pathomorphology of these chicken models. Methods Three hundred twenty 14 day-old Cyan-Shank Partridge chickens were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups (4 replications of 20 birds in each group): Control (C), high-fat diet (HF), estrogen injection (E), and high fat diet plus estrogen injection (HF + E) groups. The experimental period lasted from 15 to 42 days. Two 14-day periods were used to assess different factors. The clinical symptoms of the chickens were monitored each day over the experimental period. Abdominal fat weight, pathological changes, serum and liver parameters were measured at the end of each 14-d periods. Results FLHS occurred in the group HF + E at 14th day whereas FLHS didn' t occur in the control group till 28* day. The group HF+E showed obvious clinical symptoms such as mouth breathing, excessive sleepiness and abdominal sag in some birds 10 days later. Excessive fat deposition in the abdominal cavity and swollen, brown-yellow, friable, blunt and hemorrhagic liver were observed on day 14 and 28. Slight hepatocyte steatosis and small lipid vacuoles in cytoplasm were observed on day 14. A large number of hepatocytes displayed distinct pathological changes such as histological disarrangement, swelling and large lipid vacuoles in cytoplasm on day 28. The FLHS incidence was higher at 28th day compared with that on the 14th day. The serum triglycer-ide and total cholesterol, the relative weight of liver and abdominal fat, liver fat rate and liver hemorrhage score (LHS) were increased significantly compared with those in the control group on day 14 and 28 ( P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). The clinical symptoms, anatomic characteristics, pathological changes, blood biochemical indices and other findings in the group E and HF were similar to those in the group HF + E, but to a less severe degree and the time of occurrence was later than that in the group HF + E. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that high fat diet combined with estrogen administration can successfully establish model of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in immature chickens within 28 days.
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