甲胺磷和乙酰甲胺磷对萼花臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响

摘要

应用3天种群增长实验方法,在(25±1)℃、无光照、以3.0×106 cells/mL的斜生栅藻为轮虫的食物等条件下,研究了亚致死浓度(0.01、0.1、1.0、10.0、100.0、1000.0和10000.0 μg/L)的甲胺磷和乙酰甲胺磷对萼花臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.结果显示,甲胺磷和乙酰甲胺磷显著地影响萼花臂尾轮虫的种群增长率、混交雌体数与非混交雌体数的比值和混交率.甲胺磷显著地影响萼花臂尾轮虫种群中的带卵雌体数与不带卵雌体数的比值,但乙酰甲胺磷对其无显著的影响.和对照组相比,浓度为100.0μg/L的甲胺磷和浓度为1.0-10,000.0μg/L的乙酰甲胺磷均使轮虫种群增长率显著增大,而浓度为1000.0μg/L和10000.0μg/L的甲胺磷却使之显著减小;1000.0 μg/L的甲胺磷使轮虫种群中的带卵雌体数与不带卵雌体数的比值显著上升,0.1μg/L的甲胺磷和10.0-10000.0μg/L的乙酰甲胺磷均使轮虫种群中的混交雌体数与非混交雌体数的比值显著上升,0.1μg/L的甲胺磷和10μg/L的乙酰甲胺磷均使轮虫的混交率显著增大,10.0-10000.0μg/L的乙酰甲胺磷使轮虫休眠卵产量显著提高.上述结果表明,亚致死浓度的甲胺磷和乙酰甲胺磷对萼花臂尾轮虫实验种群动态具有显著的影响.%Effects of sublethal levels (0.01,0. 1,1.0,10.0,100.0,1000.0 and 10000.0 (μg/L) of organophosphorus insecticides including tnethamidophos (O,S-Dimethyl phosphoramidothioate,CAS No. 10265-92-6) and acephate ( O, S-Dimethyl acetylphosphoramidothioate, CAS No. 30560-19-1) on population dynamics of rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were studied by 3-day population growth test at 25+1℃ , in dark,and with 3. 0 × 106 cells/mL of S. Obliquus as the rotifers' food. The results showed that both methamidophos and acephate influenced significantly the population growth rate,the ratio mictic females/amictic females and the mictic rate of the rotifers. Methamidophos influenced markedly the carrying-egg females/noncarrying-egg females of the rotifers,but acephate did not. Compared to the controls, 100. 0 (μg/L methamidophos and 1. 0-10000.0 )μg/L acephate increased significantly the population growth rate, but the reverse was true for 1,000.0 and 10,000. 0 μg/L methamidophos. 1,000. 0 μg/L methamidophos increased significantly the ratio carrying-egg females/noncarrying-egg females. 0. 1 μg/L methamidophos and 10. 0-0000. 0 μg/L acephate increased significantly the ratio mictic females/amictic females, and both 0. 1 (μg/L methamidophos and 10 (μg/L acephate increased significantly the mictic rate. 10. 0-10000. 0 μg/L acephate significantly increased the resting egg production. The above-stated results indicatedthat sublethal levels of methamidophos and acephate influenced significantly the population dynamics of B. Calyciflorus.