在淮南潘谢矿区内设置3个水文生态环境条件差异较大的小型煤矿塌陷湖泊研究站点，即潘谢潘集站(PXPJ)、潘谢顾桥站(PXGQ)和潘谢谢桥站(PXXQ)，于2013—2014年4个季度分别对塌陷湖泊的浮游植物结构组成特征及其水生态环境因子的关系进行了分析。3个小型塌陷湖泊共鉴定出浮游植物7门9纲18目34科70属131种，浮游植物种类主要由蓝藻、绿藻和硅藻组成。其中绿藻门种类最多，共59种，占浮游植物总种数45.0%；其次是蓝藻，总共24种，占浮游植物总种数18.3%；硅藻22种，占浮游植物总种数16.8%。从各门类藻细胞密度的百分比看， PXPJ站点以绿藻、硅藻和隐藻为主，范围77.5%—90.5%； PXGQ站点蓝藻在夏秋季数量上均占据绝对优势，分别占藻类总细胞密度的61.5%和46.2%； PXXQ站点隐藻在春季为绝对优势类群，在总细胞密度中占的比率为94.6%，夏秋以蓝藻为主，分别为74.7%和81.8%。3个湖泊由于水文生态环境条件的不同，浮游植物丰度、多样性和均匀度体现出了一定的差异。典范对应分析(CCA)表明，光照、水温和营养盐含量与比率(TN/TP)是影响塌陷湖泊浮游植物群落结构的重要环境因子。%To investigate phytoplankton community and aquatic environmental factors, three small lakes at PXPJ site, PXGQ site and PXXQ site in Huainan Panxie coal mine subsidence area were chosen over the four seasons from 2013 to 2014. A total of 131 species of phytoplankton were identified, which belong to 7 phyla, 9 classes, 25 orders, 34 families and 70 genera. The primary phytoplankton species were Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Bacillariophyta. Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Bacillariophyta had 59, 24 and 22 species, respectively accounting for 45.0%, 18.3% and 16.8% of the total specie, respectively. The predominant species at PXPJ site are Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cryptophyta, ranging from 77.5% to 90.5% to the total algal cells. The predominant species at PXGQ in summer and autumn is Cyanophyta accounting for 61.5% and 46.2%, respectively. Cyanophyta is the major one at PXXQ site but distributes differently over season - 94.6% ratio in spring, 74.7% in summer, and 81.8% in autumn, respectively. The abundance, diversity and uniformity of the three small subsided lakes could be influenced by the the difference of eco-hydrological environment conditions. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that light, temperature, nutrient content and ra-tios (TN/TP) were the key factors affecting the different characteristics of phytoplankton community in subsided lakes.
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