硅质海绵动物是地球上最简单、最古老的多细胞动物,它经几百万年的自然进化成就了适应自然和接近完美的技术蓝图,为人类利用纳米生物技术仿生合成生物无机矿物材料提供了一种崭新的节能和"环境友好"技术,在光纤、微电子和生物医学材料等领域具有广阔的仿生应用前景.生长在深海1000 m以下水深的单根海绵动物的根须骨针长达3 m,是世界上最长的生物硅,也是生物硅化机制和仿生应用研究不多见的载体.本文系统总结了我们在单根海绵动物根须骨针结构、组成、机械性能、光物理性能、生化特性和分子生物学基础、矿化机制和生物医学领域仿生应用等方面的研究成果.%Siliceous sponges are the simplest and oldest multi-cellular animals on the Earth. They achieved a perfect technical blueprint during their million years of evolution. A new energy-saving and environmentally friendly technology has been developed by nature for human applications allowing the production of novel bio-inorganic mineral materials using nano-biotechnological approaches. There is a wide application prospect in the fields of optical fibers, microelectronics, biomedical materials and some further areas. Monorhaphis chuni lives in the deep sea over 1000 m in depth. Its giant basal spicule is growing to a length of 3 m and is therefore the largest bio-silica structure on the Earth. It is a highly suitable model for the study of bio-silicification mechanisms and for their bionic applications. In this paper, the authors systematically summarize the research progress in these giant basal spicules on the following topics: structure, composition, mechanical properties, optophysical properties, biochemical properties and molecular biological basis, biomineralization mechanism as well as bionic applications in biomedicine.
展开▼
