Over the past decade, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) media streaming technology, as a promising solution for large-scale media streaming,has always been of a great research interest for both the academia and industrial communities,and a great variety of P2P streaming systems have been developed and widely deployed on the Internet. In this paper, we present a comprehensive and indepth survey of existing typical P2P streaming systems,in which the core technologies,including overlay network construction and data scheduling mechanism, are detailed introduced and analyzed. We also briefly discuss the enhancement technologies such as video coding, network coding, overlay network topology optimization, and security and incentive mechanisms. Performances of several typical P2P streaming systems are also compared. Finally, we point out the open issues and challenges in P2P streaming research and comment on possible future research directions.%P2P网络流媒体技术一直是学术界和产业界的研究热点.本文围绕覆盖网络拓扑结构,对现有的P2P流媒体系统作了全面的归类总结,深入介绍和分析了覆盖网络构建、数据块调度策略等P2P流媒体核心技术,并概要讨论视频编码、网络编码、覆盖网络拓扑优化、安全与激励机制等P2P流媒体相关增强技术.对典型P2P流媒体系统的性能进行了比较,指出了P2P流媒体技术研究面临的问题和挑战,并对将来的研究方向作了展望.
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