石河子莫索湾垦区绿洲景观格局变化分析

摘要

Taking the 150 regiment of Shihezi region in Xinjiang as an example,the oasis landscape patterns were analyzed.The results show that some pattern indexes such as dominance,fractal dimension,and fragment index increased while others including evenness,contagion,patches elongation,and diversity declined.Three conclusions were drawn from such changes:(1)From 1982 to 1995,the study area had been more and more controlled by a few patch type,(2)The patch shape was changing toward geometrical regularity and simplicity,(3)The degree of oasis landscape fragment increased.All above are resulted from indirect human activity effects on the oasis.%以新疆石河子150团场为例，从景观多样性、优势度、均匀度、分离度、分维数、嵌块体伸长指数、聚集度、嵌块体数目破碎化指数、嵌块体形状破碎化指数等9个方面，对其景观格局进行了分析。结果表明：随着干扰时间的延长，整个景观的多样性和均匀度下降，而优势度和聚集度指数值增加，这说明，该团场绿洲愈来愈由少数嵌块体类型所控制。嵌块体伸长度指数的增加与分维数的下降则说明，该团场绿洲嵌块体形状有愈加规则、愈趋简单之势。而嵌块体形状破碎化指数、数目破碎化指数、分离度指数的变化情况显示，150团场绿洲景观的破碎化程度在逐渐增加，其中以自然和半自然嵌块体的影响最大，对于人工景观而言，这意味着人类活动对150团绿洲施加的直接影响在逐渐减弱、而间接影响在增强。