Substance flow analysis (SFA) can quantify relationships between the economy and the environment of a geographically demarcated system. It characterizes the pathways of a substance or group of substances in, out and through that system, which makes it an effective tool to support the resource and environmental management. The study defines SFA and then introduces its evolution process. After that, the paper explains the methodology in detail; followed by discussing its application. The results show that SFA is an important tool for industrial ecology paradigm. It can be applied to (1) trace the pathway of contaminants and analyze their effect on the environment, (2) evaluate the utilization of strategic resources in anthroposphere and (3) estimate in-use stocks of critical substances. In the end, the research examines the perspectives on the research and application of SFA in future.%物质流分析(substance flow analysis,SFA)通过追踪经济-环境系统特定物质的输入、输出、贮存等过程,量化经济系统中物质流动与资源利用、环境效应之间的关系,为资源环境优化管理提供科学依据.系统阐述了SFA的内涵及发展历程,介绍了SFA方法体系,在此基础上对SFA研究现状进行了评述.分析表明,SFA是产业生态学领域内一种重要的产业代谢分析方法,它在污染物迁移路径追踪及环境影响分析、战略性资源生命周期代谢分析、物质社会存量分析等方面具有十分重要的应用价值.提出了SFA的未来应用领域和发展趋势.
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