基于生态系统管理理论的海域集约利用评价——以河北沿海地级市为例

摘要

基于生态系统管理理论,从海洋投入强度、海洋利用强度、海洋经济效益及海洋生态环境质量层面,构建海域集约利用评价的指标体系,运用模糊决策分析理论计算各指标权重,得到河北省沿海地级市2005-2014年的海域集约利用综合指数,并利用聚类分析法及协调度指数对河北省海域集约利用的区域差异特征进行了分析.研究结果表明:2005-2014年河北省海域集约利用综合水平不断提高,除海洋生态环境质量准则层指数呈下降趋势外,海洋投入强度、海洋利用强度、海洋经济效益3个层面指数均呈上升趋势,其中持续增加趋势最明显的是海洋经济效益准则层;河北省沿海三市海域集约利用综合指数及各准则层指数的时序变化特征基本一致,但各区域之间仍体现着不同的变化特点,沧州市海域集约利用程度较高,唐山市海域集约利用经历了由低到高的过程,秦皇岛市海域集约利用的状况整体处于一般水平;河北省及沿海三市海域集约利用总体保持了较高的协调度,但各地区不同时段的变化特征有所不同.%Based on ecosystem management theory,an evaluation index system of the intensive utilization of sea area was constructed,which covered four aspects,namely marine input intensity,marine utilization intensity,marine economic benefits,and marine ecological environmental quality.This study used the fuzzy decision theory to calculate the weight of each index,obtained the composite index of the intensive utilization of sea area in coastal cities of Hebei Province from 2005 to 2014,and analyzed the regional difference characteristics of intensive utilization of sea area in Hebei Province by use of cluster analysis and coordination degree method.The results showed that:(1) The condition of the intensive utilization of sea area in coastal cities of Hebei Province was improved continually from 2005 to 2014.Except for the marine ecological environmental quality index criterion layer,the marine input intensity,marine utilization intensity and marine economic benefits were all on the rise,and the most obvious trend of continuous increase was observed in the marine economic benefits criterion layer.(2) The changes in the three coastal areas of Hebei Province were basically the same in the time-sequence variations in the intensity of intensive utilization of sea area and the criterion layers,but different regions still embodied different characteristics of change.Intensity of the intensive utilization of sea area in Cangzhou city was the highest,Tangshan city experienced a process of low to high intensity,and the situation of the intensive utilization of sea area in Qinhuangdao was roughly at an average level.(3) Hebei Province and the three coastal cities maintained a high degree of coordination on the whole,but the variation characteristics of different periods and regions were different also.