泰山森林生态系统服务功能及其价值评估

摘要

Forests bring not only economic benefits,but also ecological benefits for humans.With the development of the economy and society,researchers have increasingly studied the ecological value of forests.This study,based at the Tai Mountain Forest Ecological Station,estimated the ecological benefits of Tai Mountain,according to the standards of "Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China." Based on water storage,soil conservation,nutrient accumulation,C fixation and O2 release,biodiversity conservation,air quality purification,and forest protection,we concluded that the total value was 182.15 million yuan,with the most valuable assets water storage (103.77 million yuan),biodiversity conservation (37.96 million yuan),and C fixation and O2 release (27.36 million yuan).The ecological value of pinewood and oak forest was larger than that of other forest types,and the most valuable forest species in the forest ecosystem of Tai Mountain was Platycladus orientalis.The largest ecological benefit of the forest came from middle-aged forest,which accounted for 35％ of the total ecological benefit.Although the per unit value was the largest for mature forest,overall mature forest conferred the smallest ecological benefit.%森林在给人类带来经济效益的同时,也带来了巨大的生态效益.随着经济社会的发展,人们越来越多地关注森林的生态效益.以泰山森林生态系统为研究对象,依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》,从涵养水源、保育土壤、林木营养物质积累、固碳制氧、保护生物多样性、净化大气环境及森林防护7个方面对泰山森林生态系统的生态服务功能进行了定量评估,得出泰山森林生态系统每年的生态服务价值量为18214.97万元,以涵养水源(10376.84万元/a)、生物多样性保护(3796万元/a)和固碳制氧(2736.38万元/a)价值为主;泰山森林生态系统中松栎林的生态服务价值相对高于其他林种的,尤其是以侧柏林为最高;从不同林龄的角度进行评估,泰山森林生态服务价值以中龄林为主,占到生态服务价值总量的35％,过熟林的生态价值总量虽然排在最后,但其单位面积的价值量最高.