3种獐牙菜属植物花蜜腺的发育解剖学研究

摘要

This paper studied on the floral nectaries development and anatomic of three species in Swertia (S.erythrosticta,S.franchetiana,S.tetraptera).The nectaries are perigonal nectary compose of epidermis and nectariferous tissus,thus they belong to structural nectary.The epidermal cell is vacuolized and the stomata doesnt present in there.The superficial layer cell of basic petal becomes matic activity and formes the primordium nectary.The pre-nectar may be provided by phloem that is round the nectariferous tissue.The nectar formed in nectariferous tissue is then excreted from the thin-wall of the outer tangential of epidermal cell.Tumid nectary of S.tetraptera differences from others.Nectary of S.erythrosticta remains with nectaria caduca,but nectaries of S.franchetiana and S.tetraptera remain with nectaria persistentia.The characters of nectary may show the affinity of section and series in Swertia L.%獐牙菜属的红直獐牙菜、抱茎獐牙菜和四数獐牙菜3种植物花蜜腺都属花被蜜腺，其结构相似，均由分泌表皮和产蜜组织组成，为结构蜜腺，是花冠基部薄壁组织恢复分生能力形成的。分泌表皮无气孔器。原蜜汁由蜜腺周围的维管束提供，经产蜜组织加工后，由分泌表皮外薄的角质层泌出。四数獐牙菜花蜜腺裸露、凸起，而另2种植物花蜜腺凹陷为囊状；红直獐牙菜为脱落蜜腺，而抱茎獐牙菜和四数獐牙菜为宿存蜜腺。其花蜜腺的性状基本印证了3种獐牙菜属植物的系统位置。