基于故障树的南极赤道式天文望远镜主轴控制系统可靠性分析

摘要

南极天文望远镜长期工作在无人值守的南极之巅,每年只有一次科考维护的机会.其光机电系统复杂且维护不易,需要科考队员是多面手,故南极望远镜的可靠性必须引起格外重视.基于南极赤道式天文望远镜AST3-3 (Antarctic Schmidt Telescopes 3-3)主轴控制系统的故障机理和故障模式,引入故障树分析(Fault Tree Analysis,FTA)方法,得出该系统底事件结构重要度大小顺序.在此结果之上,易于发现系统潜隐问题和薄弱环节,为提高系统稳定性和优化系统设计指明方向.%The Antarctica astronomical telescopes work chronically on the top of the unattended South Pole,and they have only one chance to maintain every year.Due to the complexity of the optical,mechanical,and electrical systems,the telescopes are hard to be maintained and need multi-tasker expedition teams,which means an excessive awareness is essential for the reliability of the Antarctica telescopes.Based on the fault mechanism and fault mode of the main-axis control system for the equatorial Antarctica astronomical telescope AST3-3 (Antarctic Schmidt Telescopes 3-3),the method of fault tree analysis is introduced in this article,and we obtains the importance degree of the top event from the importance degree of the bottom event structure.From the above results,the hidden problems and weak links can be effectively found out,which will indicate the direction for promoting the stability of the system and optimizing the design of the system.