石榴枯萎病、芋头黑腐病病原拮抗真菌的筛选与鉴定

摘要

Pomegranate wilt and Taro black rot caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata result in great economic loss because of their wide distribution and serious damage .In order to find eco-friendly bio-control fungiand lay foundation for the control of the plant diseases caused by C.fimbriata in Mengzi County ,99 strains of fungi from pomegranate rhizosphere soil were isolated by gradient dilution coating method ,subsequently 5 strains an-tagonistic fungi against the causal agent of Pomegranate wilt including Oospora sp.HCAF-02,Verticillium sp. HCAF-19,Trichoderma sp.HCAF-33,Fulvia sp.HCAF-54 and Botryosporium sp.DCAF-42 was screened by confrontation culture method .Among the 5 strains of fungi ,HCAF-02,HCAF-19 and HCAF-54 had nearly e-qual effects on the pathogenic agent of taro black rot .HCAF-02 and HCAF-19 were of higher antagonistic ac-tivity and had application prospect for controlling the diseases in Pomegranate and taro black rot caused by C. fimbriata.%甘薯长喙壳引起的石榴枯萎病、芋头黑腐病发生广泛，危害严重，造成巨大的经济损失。为寻找对环境友好的生防真菌，为蒙自甘薯长喙壳病害的有效防治提供依据，采用梯度稀释涂布法筛选到石榴根际土壤真菌99株，进而利用对峙培养法得到5株拮抗石榴枯萎病病原甘薯长喙壳的菌株：HCAF-02节卵孢属（ Oospora sp．）、HCAF-19轮枝孢属（ Verticillium sp．）、HCAF-33木霉属（ Trichoderma sp．）、HCAF-54褐孢霉属（ Fulvia sp．）、DCAF-42葡孢霉属（ Botryosporium sp．），其中菌株HCAF-02节卵孢属（ Oospora sp．）；HCAF-19轮枝孢属（ Verticillium sp．）；HCA-54褐孢霉属（ Fulvia sp．）同时拮抗芋头黑腐病原甘薯长喙壳。菌株HCAF-02、HCAF-19具有高拮抗活性，具备防治蒙自石榴、芋头甘薯长喙壳病害的应用前景。