人工湿地植物3种指标属性与其净化功能的关系评价

摘要

利用模拟自然湿地的静态水培试验法，研究10种人工湿地植物根际微生物、根系面积大小以及植物体N、P吸收量等3种指标属性，并以较新的视角分析各指标与净化功能之间的关系。结果表明：（1）植物根际微生物数量均表现为细菌﹥放线菌﹥真菌，细菌占微生物总量的95％，且夏季微生物数量明显高于冬季，大皇冠、再力花、鸢尾和芦苇根际微生物活性较高。（2）植物根系面积整体表现为三级根系面积高于二级根系面积，三级根系是污水处理过程中的主要作用结构，且冬季根系面积高于夏季。（3）综合净化效果、微生物数量、根系面积和植物吸收4个指标，根据权重计算，评定净化能力在前5位的植物是再力花、梭鱼草、菖蒲、鸢尾和水葱。%The relationship betwwen three indices of rhizospheric microorganism ,roots area ,N and P accu-mulation and thier decontaminating function were studied in a newer perspective on ten wetland plant species using simulated solution culture experiment .The results showed:(1) The rhizosphere microorganism quantities were in the order that bacteria>actinomyces>fungus .Bacteria accounted for 95%of the total microorganism a-mount,and the microorganism amount in summer was higher than in winter .The plants of Echinodorus amazoni-cus,Thalia dealbata,Iris germanica and Phragmitas communis had higher rhizosphere microorganism activities . (2) The area of the third-level roots was larger than that of the second-level.The third-level roots played a major role in the structure of sewage treatment process .The root area in winter was higher in summer .(3) Com-bination of the indices of decontaminating effect ,the number of microorganism,roots area and plants’ uptake calculated with the method of weighting ,the five plants of Thalia dealbata,Pontederia cordata,Acorus calamus Linn,Iris germanica and Scirpus validus were the five top species in decontaminating pollutants .