MUC13腹泻抗性纯合杜洛克种群的选育研究

摘要

MUC13是控制仔猪大肠杆菌F4ac易感或抗性的主效基因。本研究利用分子育种与常规育种技术、闭锁继代与开放选育相结合的综合方法，对250头杜洛克育种核心群实施连续3个世代的基因检测和性能测定，筛选出MUC13抗性纯合基因型种群。经测试，在相同饲养管理条件下，哺乳期的同胎次20窝育种群母猪与20窝扩繁群母猪相比，断奶前仔猪腹泻发生率分别为8．7％和18．4％（P＜0．01），但断奶成活率两组间差异未达到显著水平（ P＞0．05）；对育种群3个世代的测定选育结果分析发现，第一和第三世代间达100 kg体质量日龄差异不显著（P＞0．05）、但活体背膘厚相比减少1．46 mm（P＜0．05），同时还发现，3个世代中MUC13不同基因型个体间生长速度和活体背膘差异均不显著（ P＞0．05）。综上说明，MUC13基因抗性纯合有利于防止仔猪腹泻的发生并能有效降低活体背膘，但对生长发育没有明显影响。%MUC13 is a major gene to control ETEC F4ac adhesion that causes diarrhea in piglets .In the present study ,the MUC13 resistant allele was determined and its performance traits were recorded in a Duroc nucleus population of 250 individuals through three successive generations using molecular breeding and con-ventional breeding techniques .After the three-generation selection ,20 litters of breeding sows and 20 litters ofmultiplier sows at the same litter during lactation were observed under the same feeding and management con-ditions in the experiment.As a result,the diarrhea incidence rate was 8.7%and 18.4%in the breeding sows and propagation sows before weaning ,respectively.Of note,this difference was significant (P<0.01) in two groups while no significant difference was found in survival rate between these two groups when weaned .Fur-thermore,no significant difference in the date when the weight was up to 100 kg after 3 generation’s measure-ment and selection was found between the first generation and third generation in the breeding population .On the contrary,live backfat thickness was reduced by 1.46 mm and showed a significant difference between the two generations (P<0.05).In addition,no significant differences were found in growth rate and live backfat thickness across the different individuals of genotype .In conclusion ,the MUC13-resistant allele can confer re-sistance to diarrhea in piglets and reduce live backfat thickness in adult pigs whereas has no significant effect on growth and development .