水稻大粒型材料lg1的生理特性与遗传分析

摘要

In this study,the characteristics of a large grain rice strains lg1 were analyzed genetically and physiologically,such as its phenotype,photosynthesis and grain⁃filling.The lg1 exhibited tall plant,long spike and large grain,1 000⁃grain weighing 47. 58 g. The photosynthesis ability of lg1 was strong, but the stomatal conductance and the intercellular CO2 were 32.1% and 3.94% less respectively compared with that of 9 311.The lg1 displayed synchronous grain⁃filling, and the ratio of grain⁃filling was of little difference in the early stage,middle stage and terminal stage between the superior grain and the inferior grain,but the time of effective grain⁃filling of the superior grain was longer than that of the inferior.The genetic analysis indicated that the seg⁃regation of grain length,grain width,length⁃width ratio and 1 000⁃grain weight in F2 population obeyed normal distribution, and those traits were quantitative trait loci controlled by multiple genes. The related analysis showed that the grain width had significantly positive correlation with the grain length,significantly positive cor⁃relation with 1 000⁃grain weight and significantly negative correlation with length⁃width ratio. It might be con⁃cluded that grain width,grain length,length⁃width ratio and 1 000⁃grain weight are controlled by one or more common QTLs at the same time.These results provide the theoretic foundation for lg1 applied in the super high⁃yielding rice breeding.%对一个大粒型水稻材料lg1表型、光合、灌浆等生理与遗传特性进行分析。结果表明，大粒材料lg1田间表现为植株高大，穗长粒大，千粒质量达47．58 g；光合能力较强，但气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度较对照9311分别小32．1％，3．94％；lg1为同步灌浆，强、弱势粒早、中、后期灌浆贡献率相差不大，强势粒灌浆时间比弱势粒长；遗传分析表明，F2群体的粒长、粒宽、长宽比、粒厚和千粒质量均呈连续变异的正态分布，为多基因控制的数量性状；相关分析表明，粒宽与粒长呈极显著正相关，粒长、粒宽和粒厚与千粒质量呈极显著正相关，与长宽比均呈极显著负相关，推测粒宽、粒长、长宽比、粒厚和千粒质量性状同时受一个或多个共同的QTL控制。研究结果为大粒型材料lg1在超高产育种应用提供理论依据。