In order to guarantee the national food safety,the basic condition of cultivated land and its lim-ited types must be taken into account for well-facilitied capital farmland evaluation and construction.However, the construction project of high quality capital farmland is currently lacking in scientific instruction in line with local conditions in respect of project site selection and design approach.With Puyang County,Henan,as the study area,this study managed to establish the zoning approach of comprehensive suitability evaluation.Based on the theory of ecological niche and the construction target of well-facilitied capital farmland,this paper proposes the concept of high quality capital farmland niche,and has established the index system from different aspects of land fertility level,land leveling project,infrastructure in cropland,economic society and ecological security of cultivated land.Thirteen indicators including surface soil texture,profile pattern,soil organic matter,degree of salinity,drainage conditions,etc,were selected during the evaluation.The weight of each evaluation indicator was determined with AHP and entropy method.Then this paper has built the identification model of cultivated land comprehensive suitability and diagnosis model of obstacle indicators.Finally,the zone partition of high quality farmland construction and the concrete project of construction were discussed by using the diagnosis model combined with relative limited types.The results showed that the value of comprehensive suitability was between 0.56 and 0.95,and the area of primary and secondary suitable region accounted for 80.5% of the total area of cultivated land.The obstacle degree was between low and middle,and the ecological condition,land fer-tility level and infrastructure in cropland were the main obstacle indicators.The cultivated land to be evaluated was divided into three levels including priority construction,secondary construction,and conditionally construc-tion based on the evaluation model for comprehensive suitability of well-facilitated capital farmland construc-tion.Simultaneously,the use of the niche-fitness model to establish the niche of high quality capital farmland could solve the problems including indeterminate key rectification regions and provide the scientific basis for project site selection and design approach.The classification of cultivated land can provide a reference for the functional zoning and regulation of cultivated land.%综合评价高标准基本农田建设适宜性,并结合障碍因子限制等级划定,有利于提高高标准基本农田建设布局的科学性及合理性,保障国家粮食安全.以产粮大县河南省濮阳县为例,采用生态位理论和熵权层次分析法,构建高标准基本农田建设适宜性评价的综合评判模型,并结合构建的障碍因子诊断模型,提出"综合适宜性-障碍因子"建设区划方法.结果表明,濮阳县建设适宜性指数在0.56~0.95,建设综合适宜度较高,一、二级耕地面积占耕地总面积的80.5%;障碍度多处于低障碍和中等障碍度级别,耕地面积占总面积的84.52%,主要障碍因子为自然质量、生态环境和田间基础设施.结合两评价结果,将研究区划分为优先建设区、次优先建设区与有条件建设区三部分,建设难度由易到难.该研究结果可为县域范围内高标准基本农田建设分区与差别化整治建设提供参考.
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