不同烟苗移栽对烟株生理特性及烟叶产质量的影响

摘要

研究了漂浮苗、托盘水床苗、砂培苗和常规苗移栽（ CK）对烟株生理特性及烟叶产质量的影响，结果表明：漂浮苗、托盘水床苗、砂培苗移栽后还苗生长快，栽后15 d内，各处理叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性呈缓慢增加趋势，但CK的增加幅度略低；栽后15～30 d，各处理叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性较快增加，且略高于CK；各处理烟苗在栽后30～45 d，叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性迅速增加，且均明显高于CK，烟株生长速度快；栽后45～60 d，漂浮苗、托盘水床苗、砂培苗处理的叶片叶绿素含量、根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性均呈下降趋势，而CK呈缓慢上升趋势；3个处理的大田农艺性状指标均显著高于CK；CK的烟碱、总氮、钾含量均略高于其他处理，总糖和还原糖含量均低于其他处理；托盘水床苗处理烟叶产值最高。%The effects of transplanting different tobacco seedlings [ floating seedlings , tray-water-cultured seedlings , sand-cultured seedlings ,and conventional seedlings ( CK) ] on the physiological characteristics of tobacco plants , as well as the yield and quality of tobacco leaves were studied .The results showed that the speed of restoration growth of floating seedlings , tray-water-cul-tured seedlings and sand-cultured seedlings was fast after transplanting .The leaf chlorophyll content , root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity in all treatments increased slowly within 15 days after transplanting , but their increments in CK were slight-ly lower than those in other treatments .During 15~30 days after transplanting , the leaf chlorophyll content , root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity in all treatments increased faster , and these indexes in CK were slightly lower than those in other treat-ments .During 30~45 days after transplanting , the leaf chlorophyll content , root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity in all treatments increased rapidly , and these indexes and growth speed of tobacco plants in CK were markedly lower than those in other treatments.From the 45th to 60th day after transplanting , the leaf chlorophyll content , root system activity and leaf nitrate reductase activity of floating seedlings , tray-water-cultured seedlings and sand-cultured seedlings all revealed a decreasing trend , while those of conventional seedlings revealed a slow increasing trend .The filed agronomic indexes in 3 treatments were significantly higher than those in CK.The conventional seedlings had slightly higher nicotine , total nitrogen and potassium contents , and lower total sugar and reducing sugar contents than other seedlings .The treatment of transplanting tray-water-cultured seedlings obtained the highest output value of tobacco leaves .