山东极端强降水环境参数特征分析

摘要

The characteristics of environmental parameters of 11-time extremely heavy precipitation processes in Shandong from 2003 to 2012 were analyzed by using conventional weather data and routine sounding data.The results showed that:abundant water vapor existed below 500 hPa, the dew point temperature on the ground, 850 hPa, 700 hPa and 500 hPa reached over 23℃, 17℃, 8℃and -7℃respectively, and the difference value between temperature and dew point temperature was generally within 3 ℃. The atmosphere was in an unstable state, K-index was more than or equal to 37℃, total index TT was higher than or equal to 41℃, and lifting index LI was less than 0℃.The atmosphere accumulated a certain energy, and CAPE was more than or equal to 500 J/kg.The height of 0℃layer was above 5000 m.The high-reflectivity region was basically under 6 km.There was obvious south-west jet stream in lower layer.%利用常规天气资料、常规探空资料对山东地区2003～2012年共11次极端强降水过程的环境参数特征进行了分析，结果表明：500 hPa以下含有丰富的水汽，地面、850 hPa、700 hPa和500 hPa露点温度分别达到23、17、8和－7℃以上，温度露点差基本上在3℃以内；大气处于不稳定状态，K指数≥37℃，总指数TT≥41℃，抬升指数LI＜0℃；大气具有一定的能量积累， CAPE≥500 J／kg；0℃层高度都在5000 m以上；反射率因子高值区基本上处于6 km以下；低层有明显的西南急流。