北移区木薯品种产量特征的相关分析

摘要

Through the analysis of 99 cassava varieties with high yield index characteristics in Jiangxi Province , this paper proposed the key indexes affecting the yield , in order to provide basis for cassava breeding and variety introduction in this prov-ince.The results showed that: among 13 indexes, the single-plant stem and leaf fresh weight, single-tuber fresh weight and sin-gle-plant tuber fresh weight had larger variation coefficient, while stem diameter, dry matter rate and tuber diameter had smaller variation coefficient.Correlation analysis showed that fresh tuber yield had a very significant linear positive correlation with tuber length, single-tuber fresh weight and harvest index, and it was also very significantly parabolically correlated with stem diameter, tuber diameter, single-plant stem and leaf fresh weight, single-plant tuber fresh weight, and biomass; when fresh tuber yield reached the highest value, stem diameter, tuber diameter, single-plant stem and leaf fresh weight, single-plant tuber fresh weight and biomass were 3.92 cm, 5.56 cm, 4.16 kg, 4.76 kg and 104.53 t/hm2 , respectively.Path analysis indicated that sin-gle-tuber fresh weight and single-plant stem and leaf fresh weight had a larger direct effect on fresh tuber yield , but plant height and biomass had a smaller direct effect on it.Therefore, tuber length, tuber diameter, stem diameter, single-tuber fresh weight, harvest index, single-plant stem and leaf fresh weight, single-plant tuber fresh weight, and biomass were the main indexes that determined the yield of cassava in Jiangxi Province .%通过分析北移区99个木薯品种的指标特征，提出了决定产量的关键指标，为北移区木薯育种和品种引进提供依据，结果表明：13个指标中以单株茎叶鲜重、单薯鲜重和单株薯鲜重的变异系数较大，而茎径、干物质率和薯径变异系数略小。相关分析表明：薯长、单薯鲜重和收获指数与鲜薯产量呈极显著线性正相关，而茎径、薯径、单株茎叶鲜重、单株薯鲜重和生物产量与鲜薯产量呈极显著抛物线正相关，达到最高鲜薯产量时，茎径3．92 cm、薯径5．56 cm、单株茎叶鲜重4．16 kg、单株鲜薯重4．76 kg和生物产量104．53 t／hm2。通径分析表明：单薯鲜重和单株茎叶鲜重对产量的直接作用较大，而株高和生物产量对产量的直接作用较小。因此，薯长、薯径、茎径、单薯鲜重、收获指数、单株茎叶鲜重、单株薯鲜重和生物产量是决定北移木薯产量的主要指标。