利用单倍体育种技术快速培育糯性小麦新品系

摘要

In this study ,cross was made from Kanto 107 an d Baihuomai.TheF1 was used for haploid plant production by maize pollen.50 DH lines were gained by culchicine treatment of those haploid plants.Endosperm fro m six DH lines was stained brown after I2-KI staining.The same six DH lines we re null waxy gene lines proved by SDS-PAGE.Both methods showed to be reliable and accurate in wheat detection.In this study,plant characters,such as plant heig ht,spike number per plant,seed weight and seed hardness etc.was also analyzed.Wa xy wheat is suitable for making noodles because its dough has high amylopectin,h igh peak-viscosity and high swelling volume.Amylopectin has been widely used in light industries,medicines etc.Therefore,the production of waxy wheat is a new route to wheat quality study and application of amylopectin.%该研究利用关东107和白火麦为亲本做常规杂交，用玉米花粉对其杂种F1进行单倍体诱导，单倍体加倍后得到50个DH系，对这些DH系进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析，有6个株系是糯性小麦，其基因型为wx-aabbdd;同时进行了这些DH株系种子的I2-KI染色，上述6株系种子胚乳染色均为棕红色。这2种方法同时证明该6个DH系为纯合糯性株系，说明SDS-PAGE电泳和I2-KI染色方法鉴定糯性小麦是可靠的和准确的。该文还分析了6个小麦株系在株高、单株穗数、千粒重及粒质地等性状上的异同。糯性小麦由于具有支链淀粉含量高、高峰粘度高和膨胀势高等特点，成为面条专用小麦；支链淀粉在轻工、医药等行业应用广泛。因此，糯性小麦的培育成功为小麦品质育种研究和支链淀粉的开发利用开辟了一条新途径。