叶面施肥对小麦品种西农2000抗衰老特性及产量的影响

摘要

Effect of Foliar Fertilizer on Antiaging Characteristics and Yield of Wheat variety Xinong 2000 was investigated to delay the flag leaf senescence and increase yield. Four treatments were taken. CK: foliar spraying water; T1: foliar application nitrogen content of 46% urea (15 kg · hm-2); T2: foliar application of a purity of 96 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2. 25 kg · hm-2); T3 : foliar spraying 46% urea (15 kg · hm-2) and 96% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2. 25 kg · hm-2). Foliar spray solution volume of each treatment are 750 L · hm~2. The treatments were conducted in the fifth and tenth day after flowering. The chlorophyll mass fraction,MDA molality.SOD and POD activities in the flag leaves and yield were investigated for each treatment. Results showed that three kinds of foliar fertilizer treatments significantly improve the yield of xinong 2000,T1, T2 and T3 process increased the yields by 6. 4% .5. 3%and 8. 4%respectively, The yield-increasing effect by the increase in 1000-grain weight and grains/spike. Foliar fertilizer could increase the chlorophyll contents, SOD , POD activities, and reduce MDA contents. T3 process is better than Tl, T2. These features help to delay leaf senescence access, thereby increasing production, which has been output results of this study clearly demonstrated.%旨在研究叶面肥对小麦品种西农2000旗叶叶片衰老及产量的影响.设置4个施肥处理:CK(叶面喷清水750 L·hm-2)、T1(w=46％尿素15 kg·hm-2)、T2(w=96％磷酸二氢钾2.25 kg· hm-2)、T3(w=46％尿素15 kg· hm- 2+(w)=96％磷酸二氢钾2.25 kg·hm-2),分别在花后5d和10d各喷1次.测定分析各处理下西农2000旗叶叶绿素质量分数和丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性及产量构成因素等指标的变化规律.结果表明,与对照相比,3种叶面肥喷施处理均能显著提高西农2000的产量,T3、T1和T2的平均增产率分别为8.4％、6.4％和5.3％,其增产效应系由千粒质量和穗粒数增加所致.3种叶面肥喷施处理均能显著降低小麦品种西农2000旗叶丙二醛质量摩尔浓度,极显著提高其旗叶叶绿素质量分数、SOD和POD活性,其中T3处理效果更佳.这些生理特性的改善有助于延缓叶片衰老,进而提高产量.