热研18号柱花草选育及利用

摘要

Stylosanthes guianensis Sw. GC 1581 was introduced from CIAT in 1996 with ecological adaptability trials evaluated in 1996-1997. Comparative trial followed in 1998-2000, and then regional and productive trials were conducted during 2002-2005 and 2003-2007 respectively. Preliminary results show that dry matter yield of Stylosanthes guianensis Sw. cv. Reyan 18 is 11420.0 kg · hm 2 · a 1 which is significantly higher than that of Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Reyan No. 5 (P＜0.05). It also has higher resistance to stylo anthracnose and could endure hot dry periods more than 4-5 months and maintain good growth during dry season. Stylosanthes guianensis Sw. cv. Reyan 18 could tolerate poor soil, low phosphor fertility and acid soil especially in pH 4.0～4.5. It also has good growth under eucalypt artificial forests and rubber plantation as cover crops. It was suitable for grazing, cutting systems and planting in tropical and sub-tropical regions especially in South-China.%1996年从哥伦比亚国际热带农业中心引人GC1581柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis Sw.GC 1581),并于1996-1997年进行原始材料的生态适应性鉴定评价,1998-2000年进行品种比较试验,2002-2005年在海南和云南进行区域性试验,2003-2007年在海南进行生产性试验.结果表明:热研18号柱花草牧草产量达11420.0 kghm-2·a1,比热研5号柱花草高16.16%(P<0.05);热研18号柱花草抗柱花草炭疽病,可耐4-5个月的连续干旱,在年降水600 mm以上的热带地区表现良好,尤耐低肥力土壤、酸性土壤(pH 4.0~4.5)和低磷土壤,可耐受一定程度遮荫,在按树(Eucalyptus)人工林和胶园作为覆盖作物表现出良好的持久性,具有较好的放牧与刈割性能,适合我国热带、亚热带地区种植,尤其适于华南地区大面积推广.