民用飞机机头冰脱落特性数值模拟

摘要

建立了带动力条件下飞机表面冰块脱落的数值计算方法，包括全机带动力的空气流场计算方法、冰块运动中气动力和力矩的确定方法以及冰块运动的六自由度方程数值求解方法。采用以上方法对某民用支线飞机巡航和进场状态下的机头冰脱落特性进行了模拟，对比了迎角对冰脱落的影响，分析了冰脱落的速度和轨迹关系，得到了冰块被吸入发动机的概率，为发动机吞冰设计、飞机冰脱落的适航符合性验证以及自然结冰试飞提供了较好的支持。%The shedding ice blocks from a civil airplane nose seriously threat the safety of the civil airplane,and as result it is very important to thoroughly investigate the shedding character-istics.A numerical simulation method of ice shedding was proposed to simulate the trajectories of the shedding ice blocks from airplane nose by establishing the force and moment database of the shedding ice blocks using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)tool,and solving the six degree-of-freedom equations numerically,the effect of engine power was also considered.Employing this method,the trajectories of the shedding ice from a civil airplane nose with aft-mounted engines were simulated,the effect of angle of attack of airplane on the trajectories of shedding ice were studied,the relationship among the velocity,the trajectories of the shedding ice and the probabil-ity of shedding ice blocks ingested into the engines was analyzed.The research work is of help for the design of engine ingestion ability,the compliance work of nose ice shedding and the nature ic-ing flight test of the civil aircraft.