Cogito,as the first principle of Descartes' metaphysical system,initiated the modern philosophy of consciousness,becoming both the source and subject of modern Western philosophical discourse.The philosophies of Maine de Biran,Kant,Husserl,Heidegger,Sartre,Merleau-Ponty,and others developed by answering the following questions?Is consciousness substantial or not?Does consciousness require the guarantee of a transcendental subject?Is Cogito epistemological or ontological?Am I a being-for-myself or a being-for-others?Outlining the developmental history of the idea of Cogito from Descartes to Sartre is important for totally comprehending the evolution and development of Western philosophy.
展开▼
