Sensory perception has been the subject of scientific and philosophical inquiry for centuries, and it is well accepted that it is closely related to the workings of the brain. However, the precise relationship between brain activity and sensory perception remains elusive. Visual illusions are useful tools to study the workings of the brain. Motion-induce blindness (MIB), one such illusion, renders an unchanging visual target intermittently invisible when surrounded by an array of moving distractors. Here I explore the relationship between brain activity and sensory perception by recording the activity of single neurons in the brain of awake-behaving monkeys, while they experience motion-induced blindness. Monkeys were trained to report, using a lever press, whether they saw a small visual target appear or disappear. Recordings were made from primary visual cortex (V1) and frontal-eye field (FEF), while monkeys reported their perceptual state during MIB. Results show that activity in VI is related primarily to stimulus parameters, regardless of the perceptual state of the monkeys, whereas FEF shows the opposite behavior, with activity correlated to perceptual state of the monkey regardless of stimulus parameters. Based on the response properties of V1 cells I propose a conceptual model by which different brain areas might contribute to the perceptual disappearance in this illusion. The neuronal responses recorded from FEF are, thus far, the temporally earliest known to correlate with perceptual state when it is dissociated from the physical stimulus, and will need to be taken into consideration by any theory of perceptual consciousness.
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