Management and economic development: An investigation of the causes of low labor productivity in agricultural and manufacturing industries in Nigeria.

摘要

This study is about management and economic development in Nigeria, with a focus on the causes of low labor productivity in the agricultural and manufacturing industry from 1989 to 1993. This study identifies the factors that contributed to low labor productivity during those years and examines the industries plans to improve labor productivity and identifies the key principles needed to be considered in the plans for improving labor productivity as reported in the literature.Improving labor productivity is a total process of change. Industry needs to learn to adjust to new standards of performance. There should be linkages between the local resource base and industries, currently absent in the present system. Management should promote organizational structures and cultures that recognize the importance of workers. Improved motivational systems, increased worker participation in decision making, improved training and development, and raising the quality of workers' lives need to be implemented. Finally, the government needs to change its policies as they relate to industries, and to maintain the infrastructure that contributes to social and economic development and growth.The causes of low labor productivity are multiple and clearly linked to output, input, and the process itself. Other important elements are the quality of the work force, its management and its working conditions. Productivity is also generally related to the creation of jobs and the increase in the nation's standard of living. Such multiple relationships, when properly harmonized, can serve frequently as inducement to work and to increase labor productivity. If we desire social and economic development, we must devise ways to achieve higher labor productivity. To do so demands leadership and effective management of organizational resources.