Radiant cooling in United States office buildings: Towards eliminating the perception of climate-imposed barriers.

摘要

The intensive use of compressor-driven cooling in the developed countries has both direct and indirect negative effects on the environment that are realized on local and global scales. Predicted increases in the use of air-conditioning in the developing countries will magnify the range and scope of these effects. Much attention is therefore being given to improving the efficiency of air-conditioning systems through the promotion of more efficient cooling technologies.; One such alternative, radiant cooling, is the subject of this thesis. Performance information from Western European buildings equipped with radiant cooling systems indicates that these systems not only reduce the building energy consumption but also provide additional economic and comfort-related benefits. Their potential in other markets such as the US has been largely overlooked due to lack of practical demonstration, and to the absence of simulation tools capable of predicting system performance in different climates.; This thesis describes the development of RADCOOL, a simulation tool that models thermal and moisture-related effects in spaces equipped with radiant cooling systems. The thesis then conducts the first in-depth investigation of the climate-related aspects of the performance of radiant cooling systems in office buildings. The results of the investigation show that a building equipped with a radiant cooling system can be operated in any US climate with small risk of condensation. For the office space examined in the thesis, employing a radiant cooling system instead of a traditional all-air system can save on average 30% of the energy consumption and 27% of the peak power demand due to space conditioning. The savings potential is climate-dependant, and is larger in retrofitted buildings than in new construction.; This thesis demonstrates the high performance potential of radiant cooling systems across a broad range of US climates. It further discusses the economics governing the US air-conditioning market and identifies the type of policy interventions and other measures that could encourage the adoption of radiant cooling in this market.